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01403_Field_96.cap.txt
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1996-03-14
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@
Jung was a
visionary as well
as a scientist. His
work attempted
to reconcile
modern, rational
man with the
darker, hidden
side of man's being.
All Jung's teaching
was aimed at
balancing the
opposites in
human nature:
the introvert and
the extravert,
the conscious and
the unconscious,
thinking and feeling
#
Drawing on ancient
myths, Jung des-
cribed his life as
a night-sea journey.
As the mythical
hero sails through
sunrise and sunset
towards the
horizon, so life is a
difficult voyage
towards the goal of
understanding
#
Jung (front right)
was a devoted
pupil of Sigmund
Freud (front left).
The two had a
father-son bond in
the early days of
psychoanalysis. But
they disagreed
about mystical
experience, which
Jung felt was
an important tool
in the exploration
of the mind
#
Jung and Freud
were so close they
were bound to
argue eventually.
In psychoanalytic
terms, Jung had to
break away from
the father-figure
if he was to be
an individual in
his own right.
The split was
bad-tempered,
but it set Jung on
the road to a new
revelation
@
Like Freud, Jung
saw dreams as a
window on the
unconscious mind.
But to Jung, the
coded symbols in
dreams were not
disguised sexual
metaphors. They
were specific
'messages' for the
dreamer from his
own unconscious
mind, and it was
the analyst's job to
help interpret them
#
While listening to
his patients, Jung
discovered that
dream symbols
seemed to draw on
a pool of images
that also crop up
time and again in
ancient stories. So
myths and dreams
could have one
source. Jung called
this the collective
unconscious
#
The Wise Old Man
is one of the many
universal dream
images - or
archetypes - which
also crop up
everywhere in
waking life. In
popular culture the
Wise Old Man
manifests himself
as Santa Claus; in
mythology he is
the magician
Merlin; in the
Bible he is Moses;
in the Star Wars
movie he is Yoda
#
The mandala, a
circular pattern in
Buddhist ritual, is
another archetype.
In dreams it occurs
as a cup, a moon, a
round table. The
roundness is a
symbol of the
whole Self, both
conscious and
unconscious. For
Jung the goal of
each individual's
life is to find
the "path to
the center"
#
Jung made a basic
psychological
division between
extraverts and
introverts. But
within these two
attitudes he
identified four
functions: thinking,
feeling, sensation
and intuition. This
means there are
eight possible
personality types,
arranged in
opposing pairs
#
The eight types are
not fixed - there
are mixtures, and
one person can
shift in the course
of a lifetime.
According to Jung,
opposite types
attract. So, for
example, feeling
introverted men
may marry thinking
extraverted women.
This is a person's
unconscious
acknowledgment
of the aspects
he has repressed
within himself
#
Jung was a seeker
after truth. The
ideas he explored
opened up new
directions for the
human mind. Yet
he felt that he was
just laying the
foundations for a
fuller explanation
of life's deep
enigmas, that we
still knew so little
about the mind
@